Pharmacokinetic data on high dose baclofen administration in unhealthy alcohol user in the ICU
Baclofen is becoming increasingly popular in the treatment of spastic disorders. Abuse availability also increased. We report a case of baclofen overdose in his 20-year-old man who presented with atypical baclofen overdose symptoms. H. Delirium and rhabdomyolysis, he was successfully treated with extensive supportive care and was discharged on hospital day 12. If no previous medication history is readily available, baclofen overdose should be included in the differential diagnosis of acute confusional patients with rhabdomyolysis. This is because baclofen is not included in routine toxicological screening. Baclofen is commonly used to treat spasticity. Reported side effects of overdose include somnolence, coma, seizures, respiratory depression, and cardiac conduction abnormalities. We describe a baclofen overdose patient presenting to the emergency department (ED) with acute delirium and atypical symptoms of rhabdomyolysis. Baclofen, a lipophilic analogue of the naturally occurring neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), is an agent of choice for the treatment of spasticity due to spinal cord injury and multiple sclerosis. It appears to act as an agonist at bicuculline-insensitive GABA receptors in the spinal cord and reduce neurotransmitter release from presynaptic terminals. Baclofen is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after a single therapeutic dose. Blood levels peak within 2 hours. Serum half-life is 2-6 hours and can be significantly prolonged after overdose. Most of this drug is excreted unchanged in the urine. Signs of toxicity have been reported with as little as 100 mg of baclofen. As in our case, rhabdomyolysis and No patient was previously described in the literature with acute delirium. Although rare, excitatory confusion may be a pattern of baclofen encephalopathy. The mechanism of rhabdomyolysis in this case is unknown. Drugs that affect the central nervous system, including baclofen, can cause rhabdomyolysis through pressure-induced ischemia due to prolonged immobilization and muscle compression. In our case this is supported by the presence of pressure points on the patient's left buttock and thigh. In this case, unnoticed seizures may also contribute to muscle breakdown. Baclofen overdose must be included in the differential diagnosis because screening did not include baclofen. Such atypical manifestations should be recognized early, as drug discontinuation and full supportive care yield favorable results if hypoxic or ischemic infarction did not occur prior to treatment. Whether baclofen is still indicated for the treatment of AUD remains a matter of debate in the addiction medicine community, given conflicting results regarding its efficacy. In many countries, baclofen is prescribed off-label. In France, baclofen can be prescribed as part of a Temporary Recommended Use (TRU). In July 2017, the French National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Medical Products (ANSM) revised her TRU, requiring doctors not to administer baclofen to alcoholics in doses greater than 80 mg per day. Although the optimal daily dose of baclofen for AUD has not yet been approved, it should be used in patients with alcohol dependence who aim to reduce consumption rather than achieve abstinence, and when approved medications have failed. Can be prescribed for in the literature, her daily dose administered to patients varies according to the purpose of the study. Some authors prescribe low to moderate doses, while others prescribe high doses. Chronic baclofen use is believed to induce tolerance, so it is important to consider this.